Iowa · Handbook chapter 3 · 4 min read

Chapter 3: Signals, railroad crossings and work zones

What each Iowa traffic light and arrow means, how to cross railroad tracks safely, which vehicles must stop at every crossing, what to do if you stall on the tracks, and how to drive through work zones.

Why this chapter matters

Signals and crossings are where split-second choices matter most. Trains cannot stop quickly, and work zone mistakes put road workers at risk, so the test checks that you know exactly what each light and device asks of you.

Traffic signals

Police officers, highway workers and school crossing guards can also direct traffic, and you must follow them.

Railroad crossings

Never stop on the tracks. As you approach, cut distractions: lower your windows and turn off music so you can hear a train.

• Actively protected crossings have lights and/or gates. Flashing lights or lowered gates mean a train is coming. Never cross while lights flash or drive around a gate.
• Passively protected crossings have only a crossbuck and a STOP or YIELD sign. Slow down, look both ways and always expect a train.
• Trains can run on any track at any time, and they are closer and faster than they look. More than one track can mean more than one train.
• Before crossing, make sure you can clear the tracks completely; trains are wider than the rails. If you must stop, keep at least 15 feet between your vehicle and the nearest rail. Avoid shifting gears while crossing.
• Every crossing posts the railroad's name and an emergency number on the blue and white ENS sign. Call it, and give the crossing ID, to report a stalled vehicle or broken signal. If there is no sign, call 911.

Vehicles that must always stop

School buses, charter buses, drivers carrying passengers for hire (such as ride-share drivers) and vehicles placarded for hazardous materials must stop 15 to 50 feet from the tracks. They need not stop if an officer or signal directs them on, or if an EXEMPT sign is posted.

If your vehicle stalls on the tracks

Get everyone out immediately, even if you do not see a train, and move away from the tracks at a 45-degree angle toward the direction the train is coming from. Then call the number on the ENS sign.

Work zones

• Most work zone signs are orange and diamond-shaped.
• Flaggers with STOP/SLOW paddles control traffic; follow their directions. They wear fluorescent yellow-green or orange clothing.
• Arrow boards usually mean a lane or shoulder is closed.
• Channelizing devices such as barricades, drums, cones and vertical panels guide you through.
• Adjust your speed, obey every sign and flagger, increase your following distance and give driving your full attention. Fines may double in work zones.